How to Create Facebook Ad Audience

Creating an effective Facebook Ad campaign starts long before you write a single line of copy or choose an image. It begins with your audience — the specific group of people you want to reach. This article explains how to build the three main types of Facebook Ad audiences so you can stop wasting money on ads shown to the wrong people and start seeing better results.

The 3 Types of Facebook Ad Audiences

Facebook (now Meta) gives you three primary tools to define who sees your ads. Understanding the difference is the first step to mastering your campaigns. Think of them as targeting people based on their relationship to your business:

• Custom Audiences: People who already know you exist. They’ve visited your website, subscribed to your newsletter, or engaged with your Facebook post. This is your warmest audience, ideal for retargeting.
• Lookalike Audiences: People who are similar to your existing best customers. Facebook uses its data to find new users who share characteristics with your source audience, making them perfect for finding new, high-quality prospects.
• Saved Audiences: People you define based on demographics, interests, and behaviors. This is your "cold" audience — people who likely haven’t heard of you, but fit the profile of your ideal customer.

Let's walk through how to create each one, step-by-step.

How to Create Facebook Custom Audiences

Custom Audiences are your most valuable asset for advertising on Facebook. You’re targeting people who have already shown interest in your business, which means they are far more likely to convert than a cold audience. This is where you run ads to recapture abandoned carts, upsell existing customers, or retarget people who watched your product videos.

Common Sources for Custom Audiences

You can create a Custom Audience from a variety of sources. The most popular ones include:

• Website: Using the Meta Pixel, you can create audiences of people who visited your site, viewed specific product pages, added items to their cart, or made a purchase.
• Customer List: You can upload a list of customer data (like email addresses or phone numbers) and Facebook will match it to users on its platform.
• App Activity: If you have a mobile app, you can track user actions (like completing a level or making an in-app purchase) to create targeted ad audiences.
• Engagement: Build an audience of people who have engaged with your posts, watched your videos, liked your Facebook Page, or interacted with your Instagram profile.
• Lead Form: Target users who opened or submitted a lead form in one of your Facebook Lead Ads.

Step-by-Step: Creating a Website Custom Audience

Let's look at creating one of the most powerful Custom Audiences: people who have visited your website. Before you begin, you must have the Meta Pixel installed on your site.

1. Navigate to the Audiences dashboard in your Meta Ads Manager.
2. Click the blue "Create Audience" button and select "Custom Audience" from the dropdown menu.
3. In the "Create a Custom Audience" window, choose "Website" as your source. Click "Next."
4. Now, you'll define the rules for your audience.
5. Example: An "Add to Cart - No Purchase" Audience.
6. Give your audience a descriptive name (like "Website Visitors - Last 30 Days" or "Abandoned Cart - Last 14 Days").
7. Click "Create Audience." Facebook will start populating the audience, which can take a few minutes to a few hours depending on your website traffic.

How to Create Facebook Lookalike Audiences

Lookalike Audiences are your secret weapon for scaling successful campaigns. Instead of guessing at interests, you give Facebook a high-quality "source" audience, and its algorithm goes to work finding new people who share the same traits. If you tell Facebook, "Find me more people like my best customers," you’re far more likely to get great results than trying to build a target profile from scratch.

What Makes a Good Source Audience?

The quality of your Lookalike Audience depends entirely on the quality of your source audience. Your source must contain at least 100 people from a single country. The best sources are based on high-intent actions, not just passive engagement.

Good examples include:

• A Custom Audience of people who have made a purchase on your website.
• A customer list with your highest lifetime value (LTV) customers.
• A Custom Audience of users who have signed up for a free trial or completed a key conversion event.

Avoid using broader sources like "All website visitors" or "People who liked my Page," as the intent level is much lower.

Step-by-Step: Creating a Lookalike Audience

1. Go to your Audiences dashboard, click "Create Audience," and select "Lookalike Audience."
2. Under "Select Your Lookalike Source," choose the Custom Audience you want to model your new audience after. For this example, let's use a "Purchasers - a customer list."
3. Next, under "Select Audience Location," choose the country or countries where you want to find people.
4. Finally, you'll "Select Audience Size." This is represented as a percentage from 1% to 10%. This percentage represents the top portion of Facebook users in your target country who are most similar to your source audience.
5. Pro Tip: You can create multiple lookalike audiences at once. A common strategy is to create a 0-1%, 1-3%, and 3-5% lookalike group to test different levels of reach against similarity.
6. Click "Create Audience." It can take anywhere from 30 minutes to a full day for your lookalike audience to build.

How to Create Facebook Saved Audiences

Saved Audiences are built using traditional demographic, interest, and behavioral targeting. This is your primary tool for prospecting and reaching cold traffic — people who have likely never encountered your brand before. While less precise than Custom or Lookalike audiences, they are essential for filling the top of your marketing funnel.

The Main Targeting Layers

When creating a Saved Audience, you'll combine a few key layers:

• Location, Age, Gender & Language: The basic demographic filters to start defining your audience.
• Detailed Targeting: This is where the magic happens. You can target based on:
• Exclusions: The ability to exclude people from your audience is crucial. For example, if you’re running a campaign to acquire new customers, you'd want to exclude a Custom Audience of your existing purchasers.

Step-by-Step: Creating a Saved Audience

1. In the ad set level of campaign creation, find the "Audience" section. Or, you can pre-build one from the Audiences dashboard by clicking "Create Audience" and selecting "Saved Audience."
2. Start by setting your Location(s), Age range, and Gender.
3. Under the "Detailed Targeting" section, start typing in interests, behaviors, or demographics that fit your ideal customer profile.
4. Layer and Refine: You can click "Narrow Audience" to create an "AND" condition. For example, you could target people who are interested in "Yoga" AND are also categorized as "Engaged Shoppers." This creates a more qualified audience. But be careful not to create an audience that is too narrow.
5. On the right side of the screen, pay close attention to the "Audience definition" gauge. This gives you an estimated potential reach. If it’s too broad or too specific, adjust your targeting criteria accordingly.
6. Once you're happy with your audience, you can click "Save this audience" to use it again in future campaigns. Just give it a clear, descriptive name so you remember what it contains.

Best Practices for High-Performing Audiences

Creating the audiences is just the first step. To get the best performance, keep these tips in mind:

• Start with Your Best Data: Your customer purchase data is gold. Use it to create your first and most important Custom and Lookalike audiences.
• Use Exclusions Strategically: Always exclude existing customers from your top-of-funnel prospecting campaigns. Exclude recent purchasers from retargeting campaigns for items they just bought. Smart exclusions save money and prevent ad fatigue.
• Don’t Overlap Your Audiences: Be careful not to run multiple ad sets targeting very similar audiences at the same time. This forces you to bid against yourself, driving up costs. Use Facebook's Audience Overlap tool to check this.
• Test, Test, Test: Never assume an audience will work. Set up A/B tests to pit different Lookalikes, interest groups, and demographic segments against each other to see what truly resonates and drives conversions.
• Give the Algorithm Room: Don’t make your audiences hyper-specific right away, especially with interest-based targeting. Meta's ad algorithm is very intelligent, sometimes, a slightly broader audience gives it more room to find the best-performing pockets of users.

Final Thoughts

Mastering audience creation is a fundamental skill for profitable Facebook advertising. By thoughtfully building Custom, Lookalike, and Saved audiences, you gain the power to deliver the perfect message to the right person at exactly the right time in their customer journey, dramatically improving your campaign performance.

Understanding which audiences perform best comes down to analyzing your data correctly. Instead of manually pulling reports from Facebook Ads, Shopify, and Google Analytics to see what's actually driving sales, using an AI data analyst can simplify the entire process. Here at Graphed, we've designed a platform that automatically connects your data sources and allows you to create dashboards and ask questions in plain English. This lets you connect ad spend to sales in seconds, figure out your true ROI, and make smarter decisions about which audiences to scale — all without touching a spreadsheet. Find out how you can build better-performing campaigns at Graphed.